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Boreoeute rii lat Boreoeutheria takson magnotryad lat magnus bolshoj krupnyj mlekopitayushih vydelennyj nedavno na osnove molekulyarnyh issledovanij Nazvanie proishodit ot grecheskih slov boreio sever 8erio zver Magnotryad boreoeuterii sostoit iz dvuh sestrinskih taksonov Laurasiatheria lavraziaterii i Euarchontoglires euarhontogliry v poslednij v chastnosti vhodit i chelovek BoreoeuteriiNauchnaya klassifikaciyaDomen EukariotyCarstvo ZhivotnyePodcarstvo EumetazoiBez ranga Dvustoronne simmetrichnyeBez ranga VtorichnorotyeTip HordovyePodtip PozvonochnyeInfratip ChelyustnorotyeNadklass ChetveronogieKlada AmniotyKlada SinapsidyKlass MlekopitayushiePodklass ZveriKlada EuteriiInfraklass PlacentarnyeMagnotryad BoreoeuteriiMezhdunarodnoe nauchnoe nazvanieBoreoeutheria M S Springer W W de Jong 2001Dochernie taksonyLavraziaterii EuarhontoglirySistematika v VikividahIzobrazheniya na VikiskladeNCBI 1437010EOL 32005829FW 192313Rezultaty issledovanijV sootvetstvii s rezultatami bolshinstva molekulyarnyh issledovanij vse placentarnye sejchas delyatsya na chetyre bolshie gruppy obychno imeyushie status nadotryadov Afrotheria afroterii Xenarthra nepolnozubye Euarchontoglires euarhontogliry Laurasiatheria lavraziaterii Pri etom nadotryady Euarchontoglires dlya nego predlagayut takzhe nazvanie Supraprimates i Laurasiatheria obedinyayutsya v kladu magnotryad Boreoeutheria Otnositelno togo kakaya gruppa Afrotheria Xenarthra ili Boreoeutheria yavlyaetsya bazalnoj dlya placentarnyh sushestvuyut raznoglasiya a raznye issledovaniya dayut protivorechivye rezultaty Predlagayutsya sleduyushie varianty kazhdyj iz kotoryh proillyustrirovan kladogrammoj Variant 1 Bazalnaya gruppa Afrotheria a Xenarthra i Boreoeutheria obedinyayutsya v kladu Exafroplacentalia Eutheria Afrotheria Exafroplacentalia Xenarthra Boreoeutheria Laurasiatheria Euarchontoglires Variant 2 Bazalnaya gruppa Xenarthra a Afrotheria i Boreoeutheria obedinyayutsya v kladu Epitheria Eutheria Xenarthra Epitheria Afrotheria Boreoeutheria Laurasiatheria Euarchontoglires Variant 3 Bazalnaya gruppa Boreoeutheria a Afrotheria i Xenarthra obedinyayutsya v magnotryad Atlantogenata Eutheria Atlantogenata Afrotheria Xenarthra Boreoeutheria Laurasiatheria Euarchontoglires Dlya kazhdogo iz variantov gruppirovki nadotryadov sushestvuyut primernye ocenki vremeni razdeleniya klad Tak v variante 1 samymi drevnimi yavlyayutsya afroterii vremya otdeleniya kotoryh ot Exafroplacentalia Notolegia ksenartry boreoeuterii 103 105 mln let tomu nazad Razdelenie eksafroplacentarnyh na Xenarthra i Boreoeutheria proizoshlo primerno 100 millionov let tomu nazad a poslednij obshij predok lavraziateriev i euarhontoglirov zhil 93 94 milliona let tomu nazad v Severnom polusharii inaya ocenka 98 99 mln let Soglasno analizu transpozonov Boreoeutheria Afrotheria i Xenarthra obrazuyut myagkuyu politomiyu sledovatelno eti klady razdelilis prakticheski odnovremenno V to zhe vremya vypolnennoe v 2015 godu masshtabnoe issledovanie osnovannoe na analize dvuh naborov dannyh predstavlyayushih kak kodiruyushie tak i nekodiruyushie oblasti genoma placentarnyh svidetelstvuet v polzu tretego varianta gruppirovki nadotryadov placentarnyh KlassifikaciyaPrivodim klassifikaciyu boreoeuteriev po dannym molekulyarnoj filogenetiki dlya taksonov rangom ot otryada i vyshe Vnutrennyaya struktura nadotryada Laurasiatheria otrazhaet rezultaty poslednih issledovanij Zvyozdochkoj otmechen parafileticheskij takson Magnotryad Boreoeuterii Nadotryad Euarchontoglires Euarhontogliry Grandotryad Glires Gryzunoobraznye Otryad Lagomorpha Zajceobraznye Otryad Rodentia Gryzuny Grandotryad Euarchonta Euarhonty Otryad Scandentia Tupajeobraznye Mirotryad Primatomorpha Primatoobraznye Otryad Dermoptera Sherstokryly Otryad Primates Primaty Nadotryad Laurasiatheria Lavraziaterii Otryad Insectivora Nasekomoyadnye Klada Scrotifera Otryad Chiroptera Rukokrylye Klada Ferungulata Ferungulyaty Klada Euungulata Kopytnye Otryad Perissodactyla Neparnokopytnye Klada Cetartiodactyla Kitoparnokopytnye Otryad Artiodactyla Parnokopytnye Otryad Cetacea Kitoobraznye Klada Ferae Otryad Pholidota Pangoliny Otryad Carnivora Hishnye Privedyonnaya sistema boreoeuteriev ne yavlyaetsya vpolne obsheprinyatoj Tak nekotorye zoologi delyat monofileticheskuyu kladu Eulipotyphla otlichayushuyusya ot tradicionnogo otryada nasekomoyadnyh Insectivora po obyomu chast vhodivshih v nego semejstv perenesena v novyj otryad Afrosoricida otnosyashijsya k afroteriyam na dva otryada Erinaceomorpha ezhi i Soricomorpha kroty zemlerojki shelezuby hotya poslednij iz nih pri etom okazyvaetsya parafileticheskoj gruppoj Zametim takzhe chto sushestvovanie v sisteme otdelnogo otryada Cetacea kitoobraznye delaet parafileticheskoj gruppoj otryad parnokopytnyh Artiodactyla Voobshe vydelenie otdelnyh klad v nadotryade Laurasiatheria ne yavlyaetsya vpolne nadyozhnym i tem bolee net soglasiya po voprosu o tom kakie iz nih dolzhny poluchit rang grand ili mirotryada Filogeniya Filogeniya placentarnyh Placentalia Atlantogenata Afrotheria Xenarthra Boreoeutheria Euarchontoglires Glires Euarchonta Laurasiatheria Eulipotyphla Scrotifera PrimechaniyaAveryanov A O Lopatin A V Makrosistematika placentarnyh mlekopitayushih sovremennoe sostoyanie problemy Zoologicheskij zhurnal 2014 T 93 7 S 798 813 doi 10 7868 S0044513414070034 31 avgusta 2021 goda Kriegs J O Churakov G Kiefmann M Jordan U Brosius J Schmitz J Retroposed Elements as Archives for the Evolutionary History of Placental Mammals PLoS Biol 4 4 2006 P e91 doi 10 1371 journal pbio 0040091 Bininda Emonds O R P Cardillo M Jones K E MacPhee R D E Beck R M D Grenyer R Price S A Vos R A Gittleman J L Purvis A The delayed rise of present day mammals Nature 2007 446 7135 P 507 512 doi 10 1038 nature05634 Goloboff e a 2009 p 211 230 Murphy W J Pringle T H Crider T A Springer M S Miller W Using genomic data to unravel the root of the placental mammal phylogeny Genome Research 2007 17 4 P 413 421 doi 10 1073 pnas 0809297106 PMID 19286970 Nishihara H Maruyama S Okada N Retroposon analysis and recent geological data suggest near simultaneous divergence of the three superorders of mammals Proc Nat Acad Sci USA 2009 106 13 P 5235 5240 Tarver J E dos Reis M Mirarab S Moran R J Parker S O Reilly J E King B L O Connell M J Asher R J Warnow T Peterson K J Donoghue P C J Pisani D The Interrelationships of Placental Mammals and the Limits of Phylogenetic Inference Genome Biology and Evolution 2016 8 2 P 330 344 doi 10 1093 gbe evv261 Zhou Xuming Xu Shixia Xu Junxiao Chen Bingyao Zhou Kaiya Yang Guang Phylogenomic Analysis Resolves the Interordinal Relationships and Rapid Diversification of the Laurasiatherian Mammals Systematic Biology 2011 61 1 P 150 164 Waddell Peter J Kishino Hirohisa Ota Rissa 2001 12 141 154 PMID 11791233 Arhivirovano iz originala 10 iyulya 2019 Data obrasheniya 15 avgusta 2022 Zhou X Xu S Xu J Chen B Zhou K Yang G 2012 Phylogenomic Analysis Resolves the Interordinal Relationships and Rapid Diversification of the Laurasiatherian Mammals PDF Systematic Biology 61 1 150 164 doi 10 1093 sysbio syr089 ISSN 1063 5157 PMC 3243735 PMID 21900649 PDF 13 marta 2017 Data obrasheniya 25 maya 2023 O Leary M A Bloch J I Flynn J J Gaudin T J Giallombardo A Giannini N P Cirranello A L 2013 The placental mammal ancestor and the post K Pg radiation of placentals Science 339 6120 662 667 Bibcode 2013Sci 339 662O doi 10 1126 science 1229237 11336 7302 PMID 23393258 S2CID 206544776 Foley Nicole M Springer Mark S Teeling Emma C 19 Iyul 2016 Mammal madness Is the mammal tree of life not yet resolved Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society B 371 1699 20150140 doi 10 1098 rstb 2015 0140 ISSN 0962 8436 PMC 4920340 PMID 27325836 Esselstyn Jacob A Oliveros Carl H Swanson Mark T Faircloth Brant C 2017 08 26 Investigating Difficult Nodes in the Placental Mammal Tree with Expanded Taxon Sampling and Thousands of Ultraconserved Elements Genome Biology and Evolution angl 9 9 2308 2321 doi 10 1093 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