Eto spisok gorodov nepreryvno zaselyonnyh s drevnejshih vremen i do sih por Ih istinnyj vozrast obychno yavlyaetsya predmetom obsuzhdeniya tak kak iz za raznicy v opredelenii ponyatiya gorod mogut sushestvovat protivorechiya v tochkah zreniya Neskolko gorodov iz dannogo spiska pretenduyut na zvanie samyh drevnih Ierihon Damask Bibl Osnovaniya dlya etogo privodyatsya v razdele primechaniya V osnovnom eti goroda byli nepreryvno zaseleny nachinaya s mednogo veka hotya poseleniya gorodskogo tipa sushestvovali na ih territorii i v epohu neolita Spisok krupnejshih gorodov v istorii neskolko otlichaetsya ot predstavlennogo nizhe tak kak vklyuchaet v sebya i bolee drevnie goroda kotorye obezlyudeli ili byli zabrosheny s techeniem vremeni i v nastoyashee vremya yavlyayutsya lish predmetom raskopok AziyaVostochnaya Aziya Nazvanie Istoricheskaya Oblast Sovremennoe Raspolozhenie Nepreryvno naselyon s KommentariiYanshi Sya Kitaj Henan ok 1900 g do n e Mestnost vokrug Yanshi byla naselena s drevnejshih vremyon imenno zdes arheologami byla obnaruzhena kultura Erlitou Loyan Shan Kitaj Henan ok 1600 g do n e Sian Chzhou Kitaj Shensi ok 1100 g do n e V 1963 godu v uezde Lantyan byli sdelany cennye antropologicheskie nahodki byla raskopana takzhe neoliticheskaya derevnya v Banpo 半坡 kotoruyu otnosyat k 3000 g do n e kultura Yanshao Handan Czin Kitaj Hebej ok 1080 g do n e Handan byl stolicej gosudarstva Chzhao v Period Srazhayushihsya carstv Pekin Yan Kitaj Pekin ok 1045 g do n e Pervye upominaniya Pekina v istoricheskih hronikah svyazany s sobytiyami XI veka do n e kogda dinastiya Chzhou svergla gosudarstvo Shan Czybo Ci Kitaj Shandun ok 1045 g do n e V Period Srazhayushihsya carstv na etoj territorii nahodilas stolica carstva Ci Czinchzhou Chu Kitaj Hubej ok 689 g do n e Hefej Chzhou Kitaj Anhoj ok 650 g do n e Suchzhou U Kitaj Czyansu 514 g do n e V 514 g do n e van carstva U Helyuj postroil v etih mestah stolicu carstva kotoraya poluchila nazvanie Helyujchen 阖闾城 gorod Helyuya Tajyuan Czin Kitaj Shansi ok 497 g do n e Drevnij gorod postroennyj Chzhao Czyancy kit trad 趙簡子 okolo 500 goda do n e i nazvannaya im Czinyan kit trad 晉陽 Nankin U Kitaj Czyansu ok 495 g do n e Chendu Shu Kitaj Sychuan ok 400 g do n e Chansha Chu Kitaj Hunan ok 365 g do n e Chansha izvesten kak krupnyj centr uzhe do nashej ery v carstvah Chu i Cin Kajfyn Vej Kitaj Henan ok 364 g do n e V epohu Vyosen i Osenej chzhenskij Chzhuan gun vystroil v etih mestah krepost dlya ohrany armejskih skladov poluchivshuyu nazvanie CifenKashgar Shule Kitaj Kashgar II vek do n e Na protyazhenii vekov Kashgar mnogo raz perehodil iz ruk v ruki podpadaya pod vlast Kitajskih imperij Tyurkskogo kaganata Persidskoj i Mongolskih imperij tibetskoj teokratii Lyaoyan Yan Kitaj Lyaonin ok 279 g do n e Guanchzhou Cin Kitaj Guandun ok 214 g do n e Hanchzhou Cin Kitaj Chzheczyan ok 200 g do n e Phenyan Kochoson KNDR Phyonan Namdo 194 g do n e V 108 godu do n e dinastiya Han zavoevala Kochoson osnovav na ego meste neskolko voennyh okrugov Stolica odnogo iz nih okruga Nannan 락랑국 byla osnovana vozle sovremennogo Phenyana Nannan byl odnoj iz preobladayushih sil v regione do teh por poka ne byl zavoyovan v 313 godu nabirayushim sily gosudarstvom Koguryo Kyondzhu Silla Respublika Koreya Kyonsan Pukto 57 g do n e Seul Pekche Respublika Koreya Sudokvon 18 g do n e Pervoe nazvanie goroda on byl stolicej gosudarstva Pekche nachinaya s 370 goda do n e Osaka Naniva Yaponiya 390Nara Hejdzyo kyo Kansaj Yaponiya 708Kioto Hejan kyo Kansaj Yaponiya 710Perednyaya Aziya Osnovnaya statya Goroda drevnego Blizhnego Vostoka Nazvanie Istoricheskaya Oblast Sovremennoe Raspolozhenie Nepreryvno naselyon s KommentariiDamask Levant Siriya Mednyj vek Raskopki v predmeste Tel Ramad pokazyvayut chto Damask byl naselyon uzhe v 10 8 tysyacheletiyah do n e Odnako on ne byl vazhnym gorodom do nashestviya arameev okolo 1400 g do n e Ierihon Levant Palestina ne pozzhe 3000 g do n e Sledy obitaemosti s 9 tysyacheletiya do n e Drevnejshie gorodskie ukrepleniya postroeny ne pozdnee 6800 g do n e Gorod byl neskolko raz ostavlen ego zhitelyami posle chego otstraivalsya zanovoKonya Anatoliya Turciya 7500 let do n e Samo mesto bylo zaseleno ochen davno V 50 km k yugu ot goroda nahoditsya poselenie Chatal Guyuk istoriyu kotorogo proslezhivayut s 7500 do n e Bibl Levant Livan ok 5000 g do n e Mednyj vek Byl naselyon uzhe v neolite s 7 tysyacheletiya do n e stal gorodom s 3 tysyacheletiya do n e Schitalsya drevnejshim gorodom v antichnom mire Suzy Elam Iran Huzestan ok 4200 g do n e Mednyj vek data osparivaetsya Byl naselyon ok 5500 g do n e Sidon Levant Livan 4000 g do n e Vozmozhno byl naselyon v 6 4 tysyacheletiyah do n e Gaziantep Anatoliya Turciya ok 3650 g do n e data osparivaetsya Predpolozhitelno otozhdestvlyaetsya s Antiohiej Tavrskoj Rej Midiya Iran 3000 g do n e V drevnosti izvesten pod imenem Arsakiya Poselenie na meste Sovremennogo Reya voshodit k 3 tysyacheletiyu do nashej ery i upominaetsya v Aveste sobranii svyashennyh tekstov zoroastrizma kak svyashennoe mesto takzhe upominaetsya v Knige Tovita Bejrut Levant Livan 3000 g do n e Vpervye upominaetsya v XV veke do n e pod finikijskim nazvaniem Barut Samo poselenie sushestvovalo eshyo s XXX veka do n e Ierusalim Levant Izrail 2800 g do n e Odnim iz samyh rannih upominanij goroda mozhet yavlyatsya opisanie v Amarnskom arhive v XIV veke do n e Tir Levant Livan 2750 g do n e Vpervye Tir upominaetsya v Amarnskom arhive v XIV veke do n e Dzhenin Levant Palestina 2450 g do n e Dzhenin upominaetsya v Amarnskom arhive v XIV veke do n e kak vassalnoe gosudarstvo Novogo carstvaErbil Mesopotamiya Irak Kurdistan 2300 g do n e Pervoe upominanie o Erbile poyavilos v literaturnyh istochnikah iz Arhivov Ebla Oni rasskazyvayut o dvuh puteshestviyah v Erbil pervoe okolo 2300 g do n e Homs Levant Siriya 2300 g do n e Vpervye upominaetsya okolo 2300 goda do n e pod nazvaniem Emesa Kirkuk Arrapha Mesopotamiya Irak Kurdistan ok 2200 g do n e Gorod byl osnovan okolo 2000 goda do n e zhitelyami gor Zagros kotorye byli izvestny kak gutii i obitali v nizmennostyah Yuzhnoj Mesopotamii Hevron Levant Palestina ok 2200 g do n e Hevron schitaetsya odnim iz starejshih gorodov mira i byl nepreryvno zaselyon 4200 let Yaffa Levant Izrail ok 2000 g do n e Rannie poseleniya s 7500 g do n e Akko Levant Izrail ok 2000 g do n e Odin iz drevnejshih v regione gorodov zaselyonnost kotoryh ne preryvalas s momenta osnovaniya Aleppo Levant Siriya ok 2000 g do n e Rannie poseleniya s 5000 g do n e Ankara Anatoliya Turciya ok 2000 g do n e Starejshie sledy poselenij na territorii Ankary prinadlezhat Hattam i otnosyatsya k bronzovomu veku Eskishehir Anatoliya Turciya ok 1000 g do n e Nazvanie Eskishehir bukvalno oznachaet Staryj gorod na tureckom yazyke Gorod byl osnovan frigijcami ne pozzhe 1000 g do n e Sovremennyj gorod nahoditsya primerno v dvuh kilometrah ot drevnego frigijskogo goroda Dorilej Gaza Levant Palestina ok 1000 g do n e Hot svidetelstva sushestvovaniya poseleniya datiruyutsya 5000 godom Gaza postoyanno zaselena v techenie nemnogim bolee 3000 let Hamadan Ekbatana Midiya Iran ok 800 g do n e Stolica Midijskogo Carstva Stambul Vizantij Anatoliya Turciya 685 g do n e Berega Mramornogo morya megarejcy osvaivali eshyo s VIII veka do nashej ery do Vizantiya osnovav zdes Astak Selimbriyu Perintos i Halkedon Lod Levant Izrail 200 V 200 godu Rimskij Imperator Septimij Sever dal poseleniyu status goroda Tebriz Vostochnyj Azerbajdzhan Iran 300 700 Utverzhdaetsya chto samye rannie elementy nyneshnego Tebriza byli postroeny libo vo vremena rannih Sasanidov v III veke nashej ery libo zhe pozdnee v VII veke Jezd Midiya Iran 500 Upominaniya o gorode poyavilis eshyo v 3000 g do n e On byl oboznachen kak gorod Isatis v Midii V hode arheologicheskih raskopok nahodyat takzhe predmety dinastii Ahemenidov Takzhe yavlyaetsya odnim iz kulturnyh centrov zoroastrijskoj obshiny Irana Centralnaya i Yuzhnaya Aziya Nazvanie Istoricheskaya Oblast Sovremennoe Raspolozhenie Nepreryvno naselyon s KommentariiOsh Fergana Kyrgyzstan Oshskaya oblast ok 1000 g do n e Schitaetsya chto gorod byl upomyanut v zapisyah o Aleksandre MakedonskomRadzhgir Magadha Indiya Bihar ok 1000 g do n e Varanasi Kashi Indiya Uttar Pradesh ok 1000 g do n e Gorod voznik kak poselenie prishlyh ariev i dovolno bystro prevratilsya v krupnyj kulturnyj i religioznyj centr doliny Ganga Yavlyaetsya odnim iz semi svyashennyh gorodov induizma Samarkand Sogdiana Uzbekistan Samarkandskaya oblast 800 500 g do n e Odin iz drevnejshih sushestvuyushih gorodov mira osnovannyj v VIII veke do n e Samarkand yavlyaetsya rovesnikom Rima Andizhan Ferganskaya dolina Uzbekistan Andizhanskaya oblast ok 700 g do n e Odin iz drevnejshih gorodov mira Andizhanu bolee 2 500 let V nekotoryh chastyah goroda byli najdeny arheologicheskie obekty datirovannye VII i VIII vekami do n e Deli Indraprastha Indiya Nacionalnyj stolichnyj okrug Deli 700 g do n e Pervoe poselenie na meste Deli po legende bylo osnovano dinastiej Pandavov iz Mahabharaty priblizitelno v 3000 g do n e Gorod byl nazvan Indraprastha Uddzhajn Malva Indiya Madhya Pradesh ok 600 g do n e Gorod upominaetsya v Mahabharate v kachestve stolicy Carstva Avanti Takzhe Uddzhajn yavlyaetsya odnim iz semi svyashennyh gorodov induizma Peshavar Derzhava Ahemenidov Pakistan Hajber Pahtunhva 539 g do n e Pushtuny poselilis v rajone Peshavara eshyo v 1 m tysyacheletii do n e kogda oni nachali pribyvat syuda s yuga i yugo zapada iz rajona Sulejmanovyh gor So vremenem voznikshee na etom meste poselenie Purushapura stalo vazhnym centrom buddistskoj kultury naryadu s Kandagarom i Kabulom Buhara Sogdiana Uzbekistan Buharskaya oblast ok 500 g do n e Gorod voznik v seredine I tysyacheletiya do n e Dokazannyj issledovatelyami vozrast Buhary prevyshaet 2500 let Balh Baktra Baktriya Afganistan Balh ok 500 g do n e Baktra odin iz drevnejshih gorodov mira on schitaetsya pervym gorodom osnovannym ariyami vo vremya dvizheniya iz za Amudari Patna Pataliputra Magadha Indiya Bihar ok 400 g do n e Gorod byl osnovan Adzhatashatroj synom Bimbisary drevneindijskogo carya iz dinastii Haryanka Anuradhapura Radzharata Shri Lanka Severo Centralnaya provinciya ok 400 g do n e Soglasno Mahavamsa pervoe poselenie na meste sovremennogo goroda vozniklo v V veke do n e no po dannym arheologicheskih raskopok gorod sushestvoval kak minimum s X veka do n e Chittagong Bangladesh Chittagong ok 400 g do n e Maduraj Pandya Indiya Tamilnad ok 300 g do n e Megasfen vozmozhno poseshal gorod v III veke do n e i v ego otchyotah on figuriruet kak Methora No dannaya tochka zreniya osparivaetsya uchyonymi schitayushimi chto Magasfen upomyanul gorod Mathura poskolku uzhe v to vremya on predstavlyal soboj krupnoe poselenie v imperii Maurev Kanchipuram Pallavy Indiya Tamilnad ok 300 g do n e Kanchipuram yavlyaetsya tradicionnym indijskim mestom religioznogo obrazovaniya dlya predstavitelej induizma dzhajnizma i buddizma Takzhe prichislyaetsya k semi svyashennym gorodam induizma chto privlekaet v nego mnozhestvo palomnikov so vseh ugolkov Indii Amaravati Dharanikota Indiya Andhra Pradesh ok 300 g do n e Bamian Baktriya Afganistan Bamian ok 100 g Katamandu Dolina Katmandu Nepal Bagmati ok 200 g Arheologicheskie raskopki provedyonnye v Katmandu podtverzhdayut sushestvovanie zdes drevnej civilizacii Starejshaya iz najdennyh zdes statuj datirovana 185 godom n e Tiruvannamalaj Pallavy Indiya Tamilnad ok 600 g Murshidabad Pala Indiya Zapadnaya Bengaliya ok 700 g Kattak Somavamshi Indiya Odisha 989 Osnovan kak voennoe poselenie pravitelem Nrupa Keshari iz dinastii Keshari v 989 godu n e Lahor Pakistan Pendzhab 982 Pervoe upominanie Lahora prihoditsya na persidskij geograficheskij trakt Hudud al Alam napisannyj v 982 godu Opisyvaetsya kak gorod s potryasayushimi hramami bolshimi rynkami i obshirnymi sadami AmerikaSevernaya Amerika Nazvanie Istoricheskaya Oblast Sovremennoe Raspolozhenie Nepreryvno naselyon s KommentariiSan Pedro Cholula Staraya Cholula Meksika II vek do n e Dokolumbovaya Cholula razroslas iz malenkoj derevni v regionalnyj centr primerno v VII veke Samyj staryj gorod v Novom Svete Flores Majya pozdnee Novaya Ispaniya Gvatemala ok 600 g do n e Osnovan kak Tajyasal yavlyalsya stolicej naroda majya ica samye rannie arheologicheskie nahodki otnosyatsya k 900 600 godam do nashej ery pri etom znachitelnoe rasshirenie poseleniya proizoshlo primerno v 250 400 godah nashej ery Akoma SShA Nyu Meksiko 1144 angl SShA Arizona 1150Tuson Hohokam SShA Arizona 1300Mehiko Meksika 1325 Osnovan drevnimi actekami kak Tenuchtitlan posredi Doliny Mehiko na zapadnom beregu ozera Teskoko Nazvanie bylo izmeneno na Mehiko posle ispanskogo zavoevaniya goroda v 1521 godu Neskolko drugih dokolumbovyh gorodov takzhe raspolozhennyh vokrug ozera takih kak Askapocalko Tlatelolko Sochimilko i Kojoakan byli poglosheny vsyo rastushim megapolisom i teper yavlyayutsya chastyu sovremennogo Mehiko Takzhe Mehiko yavlyaetsya samoj staroj stolicej Novogo Sveta Santo Domingo Novaya Ispaniya Dominikanskaya Respublika 1496 Starejshee evropejskoe poselenie v Novom Svete San Huan Novaya Ispaniya Puerto Riko 1508 Starejshee nepreryvno zaselyonnoe poselenie na territorii SShA angl Novaya Ispaniya Panama Kolon 1510 Starejshee nepreryvno zaselyonnoe evropejskoe poselenie na kontinentalnoj territorii Severnoj Ameriki Barakoa Novaya Ispaniya Kuba 1511 Starejshee evropejskoe poselenie na Kube Gavana Novaya Ispaniya Kuba 1519 Starejshij krupnyj gorod na Kube osnovan ispanskimi poselencami 16 sentyabrya 1519 godaVerakruz Novaya Ispaniya Meksika 1519 Osnovan kak portovaya baza Ernanom Kortesom v 1519 godu pod imenem Bogatyj port Zhivotvoryashego kresta isp La Villa Rica de la Vera Cruz Panama Novaya Ispaniya Panama 1519 Gorod byl osnovan 15 avgusta 1519 goda kak otpravnaya tochka dlya issledovaniya i zavoevaniya Peru Osnovatel Pedro Arias de AvilaGvadalahara Novaya Ispaniya Meksika 1542 Chetvyortaya popytka ispanskih poselencev osnovat gorod nazvan v chest ispanskoj GvadalaharyKartago Novaya Ispaniya Kosta Rika 1563 Starejshee evropejskoe poselenie na Kosta Rike poluchivshee nazvanie v chest drevnego Karfagena Sent Ogastin Novaya Ispaniya SShA Florida 1565 Starejshij gorod osnovannyj evropejskimi poselencami na territorii SShA Santa Fe Novaya Ispaniya SShA Nyu Meksiko 1607 Starejshij administrativnyj centr Shtata na territorii SShA Kvebek Novaya Franciya Kanada 1608 Starejshij gorod Kanady a takzhe starejshij frankoyazychnyj gorod v Novom Svete Hampton Territorii Virdzhinskoj kompanii SShA Virginiya 1610 9 iyulya 1610 goda anglijskie kolonisty zahvatili indejskuyu derevushku Kekutan nahodivshuyusya v rajone ustya ruchya Hampton i osnovali tam svoyo sobstvennoe poselenie angl Territorii Virdzhinskoj kompanii SShA Virginiya 1613Olbani Novye Niderlandy SShA Nyu Jork 1614 Olbani yavlyaetsya odnim iz starejshih sohranivshihsya evropejskih poselenij na territorii trinadcati kolonij i starejshim nepreryvno naselyonnym gorodom v Soedinyonnyh Shtatah Takzhe yavlyaetsya vtoroj starejshej stolicej shtata posle Santa Fe Plimut Plimutskaya koloniya SShA Massachusets 1620 Chetvyortyj starejshij zaselyonnyj gorod SShA Sent Dzhons Koloniya Nyufaundlend Kanada Nyufaundlend i Labrador 1630Sent Dzhon Novaya Franciya Kanada Nyu Bransuik 1631Trua River Novaya Franciya Kanada 1634 Chetvyortyj starejshij gorod KanadyMonreal Novaya Franciya Kanada 1642 Pyatyj starejshij gorod KanadySu Sent Mari Novaya Franciya SShA Michigan 1668 Starejshij gorod na Srednem Zapade SShA osnovannyj evropejcami a takzhe tretij po starshinstvu gorod k zapadu ot appalachskih gor Filadelfiya Plimutskaya koloniya SShA 1682 Gorod byl osnovan v 1682 godu Uilyamom Pennom Imeet prozvishe Gorod bratskoj lyubvi Nakitosh Novaya Franciya SShA Luiziana 1699 Nakitosh byl osnovan v 1714 godu francuzskim issledovatelem Lui Zhuchero de Sen Deni Detrojt Novaya Franciya SShA Michigan 1701Vinnipeg Britanskaya Amerika Kanada Manitoba 1738 Starejshij gorod Kanadskih Prerij San Diego Novaya Ispaniya SShA Kaliforniya 1769 Starejshij gorod na Zapadnom Poberezhe SShAToronto Britanskaya Amerika Kanada 1793 Osnovan na meste sozhzhyonnogo Forta Ruje Viktoriya Ostrov Vankuver i podchinyonnye emu territorii Kanada 1843 Starejshij gorod na Zapadnom Poberezhe KanadyYuzhnaya Amerika Nazvanie Istoricheskaya Oblast Sovremennoe Raspolozhenie Nepreryvno naselyon s KommentariiKito Pichincha provinciya Ekvador 980 Kito yavlyalsya stolicej indejskogo gosudarstva Kitu kotoroe okolo 980 goda pokoril narod kara V XV v gorod byl zavoyovan inkami Kusko Imperiya inkov Peru ok 1100 g Kumana Korolevstvo Novaya Granada Venesuela 1515 Starejshij gorod kontinenta osnovannyj evropejskimi poselencami Santa Marta Korolevstvo Novaya Granada Kolumbiya 1525 Starejshij naselyonnyj gorod Kolumbii osnovannyj ispancami San Visenti Vice korolevstvo Braziliya Braziliya 1532 Pervoe portugalskoe poselenie v Yuzhnoj Amerike Pyura Vice korolevstvo Peru Peru 1532 Starejshij gorod Peru osnovannyj evropejcami Lima Vice korolevstvo Peru Peru 1535 Vtoraya po starshinstvu stolica kontinenta Kali Korolevstvo Novaya Granada Kolumbiya 1536 25 iyulya 1536 goda Sebastyan de Belalkasar osnoval Santyago de Kali iznachalno raspolozhennyj v neskolkih kilometrah severnee nyneshnego mesta nedaleko ot sovremennyh gorodov Vihes i Riofrio Buenos Ajres Vice korolevstvo Rio de la Plata Argentina 1536 2 fevralya 1536 goda ispanskij konkistador Pedro de Mendosa osnoval poselenie v mestnosti zaselyonnoj korennym naseleniem kerandi Asunson Vice korolevstvo Rio de la Plata Paragvaj 1537 Huan de Salazar i Espinoza osnoval na meste goroda fort v avguste 1537 goda i nazval ego Gorod Vozneseniya nashej gospozhi Svyatoj Marii isp Nuestra Senora Santa Maria de la Asuncion Santyago General kapitanstvo Chili Chili 1541 V dekabre 1540 goda v dolinu reki iz Peru pribyli ispancy pod predvoditelstvom konkistadora Pedro de Valdiviya kotoryj 12 fevralya 1541 goda osnoval gorod pod nazvaniem Santyago de Nueva Estremadura v chest ispanskoj Estremadury v kotoroj on rodilsya Salvador Vice korolevstvo Braziliya Braziliya 1549 Pervyj gorod osnovannyj portugalcami na territorii Yuzhnoj Ameriki a takzhe pervaya stolica BraziliiSantyago del Estero Vice korolevstvo Rio de la Plata Argentina 1553 Starejshij postoyanno zaselyonnyj gorod Argentiny AfrikaSevernaya Afrika vklyuchaya Afrikanskij Rog Nazvanie Istoricheskaya Oblast Sovremennoe Raspolozhenie Nepreryvno naselyon s KommentariiFajyum Krokodilopol Drevnij Egipet Egipet ok 4000 g do n e Samyj drevnij v Egipte i odin iz samyh staryh gorodov miraLuksor Fivy Drevnij Egipet Egipet ok 3200 g do n e Iznachalno yavlyalsya stolicej Verhnego Egipta pozdnee Fivy stali religioznoj stolicej strany do poteri ej gosudarstvennosti v rimskij period Annaba Gippon Numidiya Alzhir ok 1200 g do n e Voznik kak koloniya finikijskogo goroda gosudarstva TiraTanzher Karfagen Marokko ok 800 g do n e Osnovan karfagenyanami vposledstvii stal administrativnym centrom rimskoj provincii Tingitanskaya Mavretaniya Tripoli angl Sirtika Liviya ok 700 g do n e Na meste sovremennogo Tripoli v seredine 1 go tysyacheletiya do n e nahodilis tri finikijskih goroda Ea Sabrata i Leptis Magna kotorye byli obedineny v provinciyu Tripolitaniyu iz Afrikanskoj provincii Rima v III veke Konstantina Cirta Numidiya Alzhir ok 600 g do n e Gorod byl osnovan finikijcami v VI veke do nashkj ery kotorye narekli ego Seva Carskij gorod Pozdnee pod imenem Cirta znachit po finikijski gorod gorod byl stolicej NumidiiBengazi Esperidy Kirenaika Liviya ok 525 g do n e Pervym gorodom na territorii sovremennogo Bengazi byla grecheskaya Koloniya Esperidy osnovannaya okolo 525 goda do n e Aksum Aksumskoe carstvo Efiopiya ok 400 g do n e Drevnyaya stolica Aksumskogo carstvaBerbera Afrikanskij Rog Somali ok 400 g do n e V Periple Eritrejskogo morya napisannym v I veke nashej ery opisyvaetsya kak gorod nahodyashijsya v 800 stadiyah 142 kilometrah ot Sajly Mogadisho Afrikanskij Rog Somali ok 200 g do n e Staryj Kair Drevnij Egipet Egipet ok 100 g Vavilonskaya krepost byla perenesena iz Geliopolya na svoyo nyneshnee mesto vo vremena pravleniya imperatora Trayana obrazovav yadro Starogo ili Koptskogo KairaSajla Afrikanskij Rog Somali ok 100 g Krupnyj torgovyj portKismajo Afrikanskij Rog Posle XIII veka chast Adzhurana Somali ok 300 g Malyj rybackij posyolok preobrazovavshijsya v krupnyj gorodAleksandriya Drevnij Egipet Egipet 332 g do n e Osnovan Aleksandrom MakedonskimFes Fes el Bali Marokko 789 Osnovan Idrisom I kak budushaya stolica dinastii IdrisidovUdzhda Marokko 994Marrakesh Marokko 1060 Osnovan primerno v 1060 godu Abu Bakrom ibn Umarom iz dinastii AlmoravidovAfrika k yugu ot Sahary Nazvanie Istoricheskaya Oblast Sovremennoe Raspolozhenie Nepreryvno naselyon s KommentariiIfe Osun Nigeriya ok 450 g do n e Pervye poseleniya datiruyutsya chetvyortym vekom do nashej ery Dzhenne Dzhenno Mali ok 250 g do n e Odin iz starejshih izvestnyh gorodov Tropicheskoj AfrikiZanzibar Poberezhe Suahili Tanzaniya I III vek V Periple Eritrejskogo morya napisannym v I veke nashej ery upominaetsya poselenie na ostrove Menutias dr grech Menoy8ias kotorym veroyatno yavlyaetsya Ungudzha odin iz dvuh krupnyh ostrovov arhipelaga Zanzibar Ualata Imperiya Gana Mavritaniya VII X vek Gorod byl osnovan vo vremena rascveta Imperii Gana i ostavalsya torgovym i politicheskim centrom do teh por poka v XV veke ego ne vytesnil Tombuktu Sofala Poberezhe Suahili Mozambik ok 700 g Odno iz starejshih poselenij Yuzhnoj AfrikiPate Poberezhe Suahili Keniya VIII vek Soglasno Letopisi Pate gorod byl osnovan bezhencami iz Omana v VIII veke Benin Siti Beninskoe carstvo Nigeriya ok 900 g Starejshij gorod NigeriiMombasa Poberezhe Suahili Keniya ok 900 g Arabskij port vpervye upomyanutyj arabskim geografom Al Idrisi v 1151 godu no v kenijskih uchebnikah v kachestve oficialnoj ispolzuetsya versiya ob osnovanii goroda v samom nachale X vekaMoroni Poberezhe Suahili Soyuz Komorskih Ostrovov X vek Osnovan v X veke arabami kak stolica sultanata cherez kotoruyu prohodil morskoj put v Zanzibar nyne Tanzaniya Kano Shtat Kano Nigeriya XI vek Nachalo stroitelstva gorodskih sten Kano bylo polozheno Sakri Gidzimasu tretim korolyom Kano v 1095 1134 godah i zavershilos v seredine XIV veka vo vremena pravleniya Zamnagavy Tombuktu Imperiya Mali Mali XII vek Byl postroen tuaregskimi torgovcami kak nebolshoj forpost posle chego byl vklyuchen v sostav imperii Mali gde s XIII veka bystro razvilsya v gorodMalindi Poberezhe Suahili Keniya XIII XIV vek Kogda to sopernichal tolko s Mombasoj za torgovoe dominirovanie v Vostochnoj Afrike v pismennoj forme vpervye upominalsya Abu al Fidom 1273 1331 kurdskim geografom i istorikom Mbanza Kongo Korolevstvo Kongo Angola ok 1390 g Stolica Korolevstva Kongo uzhe sushestvovavshaya i razvivshayasya kak gorod eshyo do pribytiya portugalskih kolonistovKelimane Poberezhe Suahili Mozambik 1400 Odno iz starejshih poselenij regiona dlya evropejcev gorod otkryl Vasko da Gama v 1498 goduTanga Poberezhe Suahili Tanzaniya 1500 Samoe rannee upominanie poseleniya ozvucheno portugalskimi kolonialistami kotorye osnovali zdes torgovyj post i kontrolirovali region okolo 200 let mezhdu XVI i XVIII vekami Lagos Beninskoe carstvo Nigeriya XVI vek Iznachalno osnovan kak voennyj lager dlya soldat Beninskogo CarstvaUida Uida Benin XVI vek Osnovnoj port korolevstva Uida pervonachalno nazyvaemyj zhitelyami Azhuda Gorod byl zavoevan Dagomeej v XVIII veke i v itoge vyvez bolee 1 milliona rabov Kejptaun Gollandskaya Ost Indskaya kompaniya Yuzhno Afrikanskaya Respublika 1652 V 1652 godu posle pribytiya ekspedicii Yana van Ribeka byla postroena Krepost Dobroj Nadezhdy dlya obespecheniya korablej Gollandskoj Ost Indskoj kompanii svezhimi produktami kotoraya so vremenem razvilsya v krupnuyu prodovolstvennuyu bazu Kumasi Ashanti Gana ok 1680 Osnovan kak akanskaya derevnya vposledstvii stavshaya stolicej Imperii AshantiEvropaNazvanie Istoricheskaya Oblast Sovremennoe Raspolozhenie Nepreryvno naselyon s KommentariiPlovdiv Frakiya Bolgariya ok 6000 g do n e Epoha neolita paleobalkanskie plemenaArgos Drevnyaya Greciya Peloponnes ok 5000 g do n e Mikenskaya civilizaciya Drevnejshij postoyanno naselyonnyj gorod Evropy Afiny Drevnyaya Greciya Greciya Attika ok 4000 g do n e Drevnejshaya stolica Evropy 2 j po drevnosti obitaniya v Evrope Domikenskaya civilizaciya Pervye pismennye ukazaniya poyavilis eshyo v 1600 g do n e no zaselyon byl tysyacheletiyami ranee Shengavit Erevan Armeniya ok 3000 g do n e Drevnee gorodishe arheologicheskij pamyatnik Kura arakskoj kultury Nahoditsya v yugo zapadnoj chasti goroda Erevana na territorii rajona Shengavit na levom beregu reki Razdan Hanya Krit Greciya Krit ok 1700 1500 g do n e V drevnosti na territorii goroda nahodilsya polis Kidoniya Chastichno Krit byl finikijskim ostrovom vvidu togo chto finikijcy byli pravyashim klassom na Krite Fivy Drevnyaya Greciya Greciya Beotiya ok 2000 g do n e Finikijskaya civilizaciya Mikenskaya civilizaciyaLarnaka Alasiya Kipr ok 1400 g do n e Larnaka yavlyaetsya preemnikom finikijskogo goroda gosudarstva Kitiona Trikala Mikejskaya Greciya Greciya Fessaliya ok 1200 g do n e Zalozhen kak Trikka v drevnej Fessalii Halkida Mikejskaya Greciya Greciya Evbei ok 1200 g do n e Samoe rannee iz izvestnyh upominanij v Illiade Gomera Lissabon Ulissipo Portugaliya ok 1200 g do n e Vtoroj starejshij gorod Zapadnoj Evropy Nachalo goroda polozheno finikijcami Kadis Karfagenskaya Iberiya Ispaniya Andalusiya 1104 g do n e Osnovan finikijcami iz Tira okolo 1104 goda do n e pod nazvaniem Gadir ili Gader Patry Mikejskaya Greciya Greciya ok 1100 g do n e Osnovan angl Hios Ostrov Hios Greciya Severnye Egejskie ostrova ok 1100 g do n e Nikosiya Mikejskaya Greciya Kipr ok 1050 g do n e Gorod osnovan mikencami i pervonachalno nazyvalsya Ledra Takzhe imeyutsya arheologicheskie svidetelstva nepreryvnogo prozhivaniya s nachala bronzovogo veka 2500 let do nashej ery Zadar Illiriya Horvatiya ok 1000 g do n e Osnovan liburnami Starejshij gorod Horvatii Osnovnoe liburnskoe poselenie Mcheta Iberiya Gruziya ok 1000 g do n e Ruiny gorodov na meste sovremennoj Mchety datiruyutsya X vekom do n e takzhe Mcheta yavlyalas stolicej drevnegruzinskogo gosudarstva Iberii sushestvovavshego na territorii Vostochnoj Gruzii s III po V vek do n e Mitilini Lesbos Greciya Severnye Egejskie ostrova X vek do n e Vani Kolhida Gruziya Imeretiya ok VIII veka do n e Sevilya Iberijskij poluostrov Ispaniya Andalusiya VIII vek do n e Pri osnovanii nazyvalsya Tartess Malaga Iberijskij poluostrov Ispaniya Andalusiya VIII vek do n e Osnovan kak finikijskaya koloniya Mdina Malta Malta VIII vek do n e Osnovan kak finikijskaya koloniya Kalyari Sardiniya Italiya Sardiniya VIII vek do n e Osnovan finikijcami iz Tira pod nazvaniem Karalis vo vremena Rimskoj imperii stanovitsya Kalarisom i v Srednie veka poluchaet sovremennoe nazvanie Messina Zankl Siciliya Italiya Siciliya VIII vek do n e Grecheskaya koloniya Erevan Urartu Armeniya 782 g do n e Osnovan kak gorod krepost Erebuni Izvestno chto dlya osnovaniya goroda v 782 godu do nashej ery car Argishti privez syuda 6600 plennyh iz oblastej Hati i Cupani zapadnye oblasti Armyanskogo nagorya Armavir Urartu Armeniya 775 g do n e Drevnejshij sloj otnositsya k urartskomu periodu VIII VII v do n e kogda car Argishti I v 776 g do n e osnoval tut ArgishtihiniliRim Lacij Italiya Lacio 753 g do n e Nepreryvnoe prozhivanie prodolzhaetsya primerno s X veka do n e Redzho di Kalabriya Regij Velikaya Greciya Italiya Kalabriya 743 g do n e Palermo Sus Tir Finikiya Italiya Siciliya 734 g do n e Prisutstvuyut poseleniya datiruemye 8000 g do n e no postoyanno naselyon so vremyon Finikii Sirakuzy Siciliya Italiya Siciliya 734 g do n e Koloniya drevnegrecheskogo polisa Korinfa Volterra Toskana Italiya Toskana ok 725 g do n e Etruskoe shahtyorskoe poselenie Krotone Kalabriya Italiya Velikaya Greciya 710 g do n e Grecheskaya koloniya Taranto Tarent Velikaya Greciya Italiya Apuliya 706 g do n e Osnovan kak edinstvennaya spartanskaya koloniya detmi nezamuzhnih zhenshin periekami i negrazhdanami Korfu Kerkira Korfu Greciya Ionicheskie ostrova 700 g do n e Koloniya drevnegrecheskogo polisa Korinfa Kiliya Drevnyaya Makedoniya Ukraina 682 g do n e Kiliyu v IV veke do n e osnoval Aleksandr Makedonskij i nazval ee Ahiliej v chest svoego dalekogo predka Ahilla Kerch Pantikapej Dorimskij Krym Ukraina Krymskij poluostrov VII vek do n e Grecheskaya koloniya Feodosiya Dorimskij Krym Ukraina Krymskij poluostrov VII vek do n e Grecheskaya koloniya Stambul Vizantij Vostochnaya Frakiya Turciya 660 g do n e Osnovan kak koloniya grecheskih Megar Neapol Velikaya Greciya Italiya ok 680 g do n e Osnovan poselencami iz polisa Kumy Ivisa Balearskie ostrova Ispaniya 654 g do n e Gorod osnovan finikijcami Durres Illiriya Albaniya 627 625 g do n e Osnovan kak koloniya grecheskogo polisa Durres Sozopol Frakiya Bolgariya Burgasskaya oblast 610 g do n e Osnovan kolonistami iz Mileta pod nazvaniem Apolloniya v chest boga Apollona Edesa Makedoniya Greciya VI vek do n e Stolica Drevnej Makedonii vplot do VI veka do n e Marsel Massaliya Galliya Franciya 600 g do n e Koloniya Fokei Kavala Makedoniya Greciya VI vek do n e Koloniya NeapolyaMangaliya Dakiya Rumyniya VI vek do n e Konstanca Dakiya Rumyniya VI vek do n e Mantuya Dolina reki Po Italiya Lombardiya ok 2000 g do n e Stal gorodom etruskov v VI veke do n e Milan Dolina reki Po Cizalpijskaya Galliya Italiya Lombardiya VI vek do n e Soglasno slovam Tita Liviya gorod byl osnovan insubrami v VI veke do n e Zavoyovan rimlyanami v 222 g do n e Belgorod Dnestrovskij Tira Bessarabiya Ukraina VI vek do n e Kutaisi Kolhida Gruziya Imeretiya VI IV veka do n e Arheologicheskie dannye ukazyvayut na to chto gorod yavlyalsya stolicej Kolhidskogo carstva v VI V vekah do nashej ery Varna Frakiya Bolgariya Chernomorskoe poberezhe 585 570 g do n e Osnovan kak Odessos poselencami iz grecheskogo polisa Mileta Sant Marti d Empuries Emporion Iberijskij poluostrov Ispaniya Kataloniya ok 575 g do n e Koloniya grecheskogo goroda Fokeya Gyumri Urartu Armeniya V vek do n e V urartskih letopisyah VIII veka do n e neodnokratno upominayutsya pohody v rajon Gyumri stranu Eriahi armyanskij Shirak Lamiya Greciya ok V veka do n e Grecheskij gorod vpervye upominayushijsya v 434 godu do n e Sere Makedoniya Greciya V vek do n e Grecheskij gorod Vpervye upominaetsya v V veke do n e kak Siris Veriya Makedoniya Greciya ok 432 g do n e Rodos Ostrov Rodos Greciya Dodekanes ok 408 g do n e Grecheskij gorod Plovdiv Frakiya Bolgariya ok 4000 g do n e 3 j po prodolzhitelnosti nepreryvnogo obitaniya lyudej v Evrope Bitola Gerakliya Linkestis Drevnyaya Makedoniya Severnaya Makedoniya IV vek do n e Osnovan Filippom II Makedonskim otcom Aleksandra Velikogo Sofiya Myoziya Bolgariya Sofijskaya kotlovina IV vek do n e Keltskoe poselenie izvestnoe kak Serdika Mec Galliya Franciya IV vek do n e Rosas Iberijskij poluostrov Ispaniya Kataloniya IV vek do n e Tochnoe proishozhdenie goroda neizvestno odnako imeyutsya ostatki grecheskoj kolonii s IV veka do nashej ery Gabala Kavkazskaya Albaniya Azerbajdzhan IV vek do n e Arheologicheskie dannye svidetelstvuyut o tom chto gorod yavlyalsya stolicej Kavkazskoj Albanii eshyo v IV veke do nashej ery Shemahy Kavkazskaya Albaniya Azerbajdzhan IV vek do n e Shemaha kak gorod Kavkazskoj Albanii upominaetsya u Ptolemeya II vek pod nazvaniem Kemaheya ili Mamaheya Shkoder Illiriya Albaniya IV vek do n e Osnovan v IV veke do nashej ery kak gorodskoe poselenie pod nazvaniem Skodra stal stolicej Illirijskogo gosudarstva i s teh por postoyanno zaselyon Stara Zagora Frakiya Bolgariya 342 g do n e Byl osnovan Filippom II Makedonskim hotya byli obnaruzheny i frakijskie poseleniya vremen neolita Zdes takzhe nahodyatsya samye starye mednye rudniki v Evrope 5 e tysyacheletie do nashej ery Saloniki Drevnyaya Makedoniya Greciya 315 g do n e Grecheskij gorod osnovannyj kak novoe poselenie na meste starogo goroda Ferma Berat Drevnyaya Makedoniya Albaniya 314 g do n e Osnovan makedonskim caryom Kassandrom Barselona Barsino Iberijskij poluostrov Ispaniya Kataloniya IV vek do n e Pervye arheologicheskie ostatki postroek v gorode otnosyatsya k rimskomu periodu Vukovar Illiriya Horvatiya 300 g do n e Odin iz krupnejshih centrov Vuchedolskoj kultury Alaverdi Velikaya Armeniya Armeniya III vek do n e Alaverdi izvesten s III II vekov do n e pod nazvaniyami Manic Gom Manes Nahodilas v istoricheskoj oblasti Gugark Belgrad Illiriya Serbiya 279 g do n e Belgradskaya krepost byla osnovana okolo 279 g do n e kak ukreplennoe keltskoe poselenie Singidunum Nish Illiriya Serbiya 279 g do n e Osnovan kak Navisos Neoliticheskie poseleniya datiruyutsya 5000 2000 gg do n e Matera Lacij Bazilikata Italiya ok 251 g do n e Gorod Matera osnovan rimlyaninom Luciem Ceciliem Metellom v 251 godu do nashej ery Kartahena Iberijskij poluostrov Ispaniya 228 g do n e Karfagenskaya koloniya osnovannaya Gasdrubalom Krasivym Tarragona Tarrakon Iberijskij poluostrov Ispaniya Kataloniya 218 g do n e Rimskaya koloniya osnovannaya Gneem i Publiem Korneliem Scipionom Gradsko Stobi Makedoniya Severnaya Makedoniya 217 g do n e Osnovan kak Stobi Filippom V Makedonskim Bratislava Pannoniya Slovakiya II vek do n e Osnovan keltskim plemenem bojev Pervoe pismennoe upominanie o slavyanskom poselenii otnositsya k 907 godu Valensiya Iberijskij poluostrov Ispaniya Valensiya 138 g do n e Rimskaya koloniya Sremska Mitrovica Illiriya Serbiya I vek do n e Osnovan kak Sirmij Neoliticheskie poseleniya datiruyutsya 5000 g do n e i vmeste s drugimi arheologicheskimi nahodkami svidetelstvuyut o postoyannom prozhivanii Smederevo Illiriya Serbiya I vek do n e Ptuj Pannoniya Sloveniya I vek do n e Starejshij gorod Slovenii Est svidetelstva togo chto mestnost byla zaselena eshyo v kamennom veke V pozdnem zheleznom veke ego zaselili kelty K I veku do nashej ery poselenie kontrolirovalos Drevnim Rimom Evora Luzitaniya Portugaliya 53 g do n e Svidetelstva luzitanskogo poseleniya do rimskoj okkupacii Parizh Lyuteciya Franciya 52 g do n e Arheologicheskie dannye ukazyvayut na to chto lyudi zhili eshyo v 4200 godu do nashej ery Vo vremya gallskih vojn armiya Cezarya podozhgla Lyuteciyu gorod Parizii raspolozhennyj na ostrove na beregu Seny Cyurih Lindenhof Galliya Shvejcariya ok 50 g do n e Pervye sledy poseleniya na beregu Cyurihskogo ozera otnosyatsya k epohe neolita Kyoln Nizhnyaya Germaniya Germaniya 38 g do n e Osnovan v 38 g do n e Germanskim plemenem ubiev V 85 g n e gorod stal stolicej rimskoj provincii Nizhnyaya Germaniya Trir Belgika Germaniya 30 g do n e Starejshij rimskij gorod Germanii Kaseres Luzitaniya Ispaniya ok 25 g do n e Gorod byl osnovan rimlyanami v 25 g do n e Merida Luzitaniya Ispaniya ok 25 g do n e Emerita Avgusta byla osnovana kak rimskaya koloniya v 25 godu nashej ery po prikazu imperatora Avgusta chtoby sluzhit pristanishem dlya soldat veteranov Odin iz samyh vazhnyh gorodov v Rimskoj Ispanii byl nadelen vsemi udobstvami bolshogo rimskogo goroda i sluzhil stolicej rimskoj provincii Luzitaniya s momenta eyo sozdaniya Nejmegen Niderlandy ok 17 g do n e Starejshij gorod Niderlandov Augsburg Reciya Rimskaya imperiya Germaniya 15 g do n e Tretij po starshinstvu gorod Germanii posle Kyolna i Trira Raspolozhen v okrge Shvabiya Bavariya Osnovan rimlyanami pod nazvaniem Augusta Vindelicorum Kur Reciya Rimskaya imperiya Shvejcariya Graubyunden 15 g do n e Sledy zaseleniya s 4 tys do n e pfinskaya kultura Vorms Verhnyaya Germaniya Germaniya 14 g do n e Skope Makedoniya rimskaya provinciya Severnaya Makedoniya 13 11 g do n e Osnovan vo vremena pravleniya rimskogo imperatora Oktaviana Avgusta pod nazvaniem Skupy Strasburg Verhnyaya Germaniya Franciya 12 g do n e Vpervye oficialno upominaetsya kak rimskij lager Ardzhentoratum Rajon byl zaselyon so vremen srednego paleolita Tongeren Nizhnyaya Germaniya Belgiya 10 g do n e Starejshij gorod Belgii OkeaniyaNazvanie Istoricheskaya Oblast Sovremennoe Raspolozhenie Nepreryvno naselyon s KommentariiSidnej Novyj Yuzhnyj Uels Avstraliya 1788 Starejshij gorod v Avstralii i starejshij gorod v Okeanii Radiouglerodnyj analiz pokazyvaet chto drevnie lyudi prozhivali na territorii Sidneya i v ego okrestnostyah ne menee 30 000 let s perioda pozdnego paleolita Tem ne menee mnogochislennye kamennye orudiya aborigenov obnaruzhennye v gravijnyh otlozheniyah dalnego zapadnogo prigoroda Sidneya imeyut vozrast ot 45 000 do 50 000 let eto mozhet oznachat chto lyudi mogli okazatsya v regione ranshe chem predpolagalos Hobart Tasmaniya Avstraliya 1803 Vtoroj starejshij gorod v Avstralii Do britanskoj kolonizacii oblast byla zanyata v techenie po krajnej mere 8000 let no vozmozhno v techenie celyh 35 000 let polukochevym plemenem tasmanijcevDzhordzhtaun Tasmaniya Avstraliya 1804 Tretij starejshij gorod AvstraliiNyukasl Novyj Yuzhnyj Uels Avstraliya 1804 Chetvyortyj starejshij gorod AvstraliiLonseston Tasmaniya Avstraliya 1806 Pyatyj starejshij gorod AvstraliiKerajkri Nortlend Novaya Zelandiya 1818 Starejshee evropejskoe poselenie na territorii Novoj ZelandiiBlaff Sautlend Novaya Zelandiya 1824Brisben Kvinslend Avstraliya 1825 Starejshij gorod severnoj chasti Avstralii takzhe yavlyaetsya stolicej shtata KvinslendAlbani Zapadnaya Avstraliya Avstraliya 1827 Starejshij gorod v zapadnoj chasti AvstraliiPert Zapadnaya Avstraliya Avstraliya 1829Melburn Viktoriya Avstraliya 1835Adelaida Yuzhnaya Avstraliya Avstraliya 1836Vellington Vellington Novaya Zelandiya 1839 Yavlyaetsya stolicej Novoj Zelandii s 1865 godaOklend Oklend Novaya Zelandiya 1840 Yavlyalsya stolicej Novoj Zelandii s 1841 po 1865 godDarvin Severnaya territoriya Avstraliya 1869Kanberra Avstralijskaya stolichnaya territoriya Avstraliya 1913 Stolica AvstraliiSm takzheSpisok gorodov Rossii Spisok krupnejshih gorodov v istoriiPrimechaniyaNeolithic Tell Ramad in the Damascus Basin of Syria neopr Data obrasheniya 13 aprelya 2009 11 noyabrya 2006 goda Gates Charles Near Eastern Egyptian and Aegean Cities Ancient Cities The Archaeology of Urban Life in the Ancient Near East and Egypt Greece and Rome angl Routledge 2003 P 18 ISBN 0415018951 Jericho in the Jordan River Valley in Israel inahbited from ca 9000 BC to the present day offers important evidence for the earliest permanent settlements in the Near East Martell Hazel Mary The Fertile Crescent The Kingfisher Book of the Ancient World From the Ice Age to the Fall of Rome angl Kingfisher Publications 2001 P 18 ISBN 0753453975 People first settled there from around 9000 B C and by 8000 B C the community was organized enough to build a stone wall to defend the city Michal Strutin Discovering Natural Israel 2001 p 4 Byblos ot 3 oktyabrya 2018 na Wayback Machine Ciasca Antonia Phoenicia The Phoenicians Sabatino Moscati I B Tauris 2001 S 170 ISBN 1850435332 Met Museum Iran 8000 2000 b c ot 5 marta 2001 na Wayback Machine Sidon neopr Data obrasheniya 13 aprelya 2009 3 oktyabrya 2018 goda Anna Teresa Serventi UNA STATUETTA HITTITA Rivista degli studi orientali 1957 T 32 S 241 246 ISSN 0392 4866 25 iyunya 2021 goda The Editors of Encyclopaedia Britannica https www britannica com place Rayy Rayy ancient city Iran angl Encyclopaedia Britannica Data obrasheniya 30 dekabrya 2020 8 maya 2019 goda Under Beirut s Rubble Remnants of 5 000 Years of Civilization neopr Data obrasheniya 13 aprelya 2009 6 dekabrya 2008 goda History Beirut neopr 24 iyulya 2009 goda 999Beirut Bejrut gorod Evrejskaya enciklopediya Brokgauza i Efrona SPb 1908 1913 Under Beirut s Rubble Remnants of 5 000 Years of Civilization ot 6 dekabrya 2008 na Wayback Machine The New York Times Profile of Lebanon History neopr 28 yanvarya 2011 goda Lebanese Embassy of the U S Freedman David Noel Eerdmans Dictionary of the Bible Wm B Eerdmans Publishing 2000 S 694 695 ISBN 0802824005 Andrew G Vaughn Ann E Killebrew Jerusalem in Bible and Archaeology The First Temple Period Society of Biblical Lit 2003 525 s ISBN 978 1 58983 066 0 25 iyunya 2021 goda Yisrael Shalem History of Jerusalem from Its Beginning to David angl www biu ac il 6 marta 1997 Data obrasheniya 30 dekabrya 2020 10 iyunya 2019 goda Tyre City Lebanon neopr Data obrasheniya 13 aprelya 2009 1 iyulya 2017 goda Tyre Sour City Lebanon neopr tyros leb net Data obrasheniya 30 dekabrya 2020 1 iyulya 2017 goda Michael C Astour Canaanite Toponyms in Ancient Egyptian Documents Shmuel Ahituv Journal of Near Eastern Studies 1989 01 T 48 vyp 1 S 35 38 ISSN 1545 6978 0022 2968 1545 6978 doi 10 1086 373346 neopr Data obrasheniya 13 aprelya 2009 Arhivirovano iz originala 27 maya 2016 goda Emesa Realnyj slovar klassicheskih drevnostej avt sost F Lyubker Pod redakciej chlenov Obshestva klassicheskoj filologii i pedagogiki F Gelbke L Georgievskogo F Zelinskogo V Kanskogo M Kutorgi i P Nikitina SPb 1885 S 467 either The destruction of the Kirkuk Castle by the Iraqi regime 4 maya 2006 goda History Channel ot 3 aprelya 2013 na Wayback Machine Pilgrimage sciences and Sufism Islamic art in the West Bank and Gaza Vienna Austria Museum With No Frontiers 2004 253 pages s ISBN 1 874044 42 2 978 1 874044 42 0 9953 36 064 2 978 9953 36 064 5 Excavations at Ancient Jaffa Joppa Tel Aviv University Andrew Petersen A Gazetteer of Buildings in Muslim Palestine Volume I British Academy Monographs in Archaeology Pt 1 Hardcover angl British Academy 2002 P 68 New World Encyclopedia neopr Data obrasheniya 13 aprelya 2009 18 maya 2009 goda Syria Where Stones Speak The Door Is Widening To Westerners Who Are Discovering The Nation S Wealth Of History And Culture neopr Data obrasheniya 13 aprelya 2009 11 noyabrya 2020 goda Dumper Michael Stanley Bruce E Abu Lughod Janet L Cities of the Middle East and North Africa A Historical Encyclopedia angl ABC CLIO 2007 P 155 ISBN 9781576079195 Petrosyan Yu A Megarskie kolonisty na Bosforskom mysu Drevnij gorod na beregah Bosfora Istoricheskie ocherki M Nauka 1986 50 000 ekz John Freely The Greek City State of Byzantium Istanbul The Imperial City London Penguin Books 1998 3 s ISBN 978 0 14 192605 6 Cecil Roth Encyclopaedia Judaica 1972 S 619 Fisher William Bayne Boyle J A The Cambridge History of Iran The Land of Iran angl 1 ed Cambridge University Press 1968 P 14 The Editors of Encyclopaedia Britannica Yazd Iran angl Encyclopaedia Britannica Data obrasheniya 30 dekabrya 2020 1 marta 2018 goda Varanasi angl Encyclopaedia Britannica Data obrasheniya 2 aprelya 2015 26 dekabrya 2018 goda Sdasyuk G V Shtaty Indii M Mysl 1981 S 42 Svyashennye goroda induizma rus Cult Mir Data obrasheniya 26 maya 2021 26 maya 2021 goda Nancy Hatch Dupree An Historical Guide to Afghanistan Kabul Afganistan Afghan Tourist Organization 1977 Siran Upendra Deraniyagala Vol II The Prehistory of Sri Lanka Colombo Department of Archaeological Survey 1992 S 435 William Harman The sacred marriage of a Hindu goddess Motilal Banarsidass 1992 S 30 36 ISBN 978 81 208 0810 2 26 maya 2021 goda Sonya Rhie Quintanilla History of Early Stone Sculpture at Mathura Concept Publishing Company 2007 S 2 ISBN 978 90 04 15537 4 26 maya 2021 goda Kanchipuram Municipality Educational institutes of Kanchipuram angl Arhivirovano 18 dekabrya 2012 goda neopr Ekantipur com 9 iyunya 2010 Data obrasheniya 15 yanvarya 2012 Arhivirovano iz originala 11 sentyabrya 2010 goda Neizvestnyj avtor iz Dzhauzdzhana http www kroraina com hudud Hudud al Alam The Regions of the World A Persian Geography 372 A H 982 A D angl Minorskij V F London Oxford University Press 1937 15 aprelya 2021 goda Majid Sheikh The shroud over Lahore s antiquity angl Dawn 22 avgusta 2004 Data obrasheniya 26 maya 2021 26 maya 2021 goda Gamez Laura Salvamento arqueologico en el area central de Peten Nuevos resultados sobre la conformacion y evolucion del asentamiento prehispanico en la isla de Flores isp Simposio de Investigaciones Arqueologicas en Guatemala 2007 P 260 261 5 fevralya 2017 goda Kotilya M O Kordoba D Zemletryasenie v Santyago de Kuba 20 avgusta 1852 goda Geologiya i geofizika 2010 T 51 11 S 1577 Diaz B The Conquest of New Spain London Penguin Books 1963 S 102 ISBN ISBN 0140441239 Historia de Guadalajara isp Arhivirovano 19 iyunya 2013 goda Istoriya Kartago isp nedostupnaya ssylka istoriya Saint Augustine Florida United States angl Encyclopaedia Britannica Manuel Maria Marzal Historia de la antropologia indigenista Mexico y Peru Anthropos Editorial 1993 556 s ISBN 978 84 7658 405 7 25 iyunya 2021 goda Pedro Sesa de Leon Hronika Peru Chast pervaya neopr Arhivirovano 9 iyulya 2012 goda 1536 god v istorii ot 2 fevralya 2018 na Wayback Machine Stankobiznes RU Aborigenes de la Argentina isp John D Torres Barreto Data obrasheniya 3 fevralya 2011 Arhivirovano 1 fevralya 2013 goda Pedro de Mendoza isp www mendoza edu ar Data obrasheniya 3 fevralya 2011 Arhivirovano 17 avgusta 2012 goda Pospelov E M Geograficheskie nazvaniya mira Toponimicheskij slovar R A Ageeva 2 e izd Moskva Russkie slovari 2002 S 46 512 s 3000 ekz ISBN ISBN 5 17 001389 2 Luis de Cartagena Actas del Cabildo de Santiago de 1541 a 1557th In Coleccion de Historiador de Chile y de documentos relativos a la historia nacional Tomo 1st 1861 S 67 22 maya 2013 goda Overy et al 1999 43 Aldred 1998 42 44 Strany mira M OLMA PRESS 2001 S 419 608 ISBN ISBN 5 224 03354 3 Maria Economou Euesperides A Devastated Site angl Digital Library and Archives Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University 1993 Sentyabr 21 maya 2020 goda Jimmy Dunn Fort Babylon In Cairo Touregypt net 2013 19 Yanvar 25 dekabrya 2018 goda Lee V Cassanelli The shaping of Somali society reconstructing the history of a pastoral people University of Pennsylvania Press 1982 S 75 Historic Cities Living Cities in Africa angl Data obrasheniya 22 maya 2020 25 dekabrya 2018 goda History of Fes angl Data obrasheniya 22 maya 2020 1 avgusta 2019 goda Embassy of The Kingdom of Morocco in London angl Moroccan Embassy London 19 yanvarya 2013 Data obrasheniya 22 maya 2020 23 maya 2020 goda Meier Prita Swahili Port Cities The Architecture of Elsewhere Bloomington Indiana University Press 2016 84 85 s Moroni Encyclopaedia Britannica Encyclopaedia Britannica Ultimate Reference Suite Chicago 2012 Ki Zerbo Joseph UNESCO General History of Africa Vol IV Abridged Edition Africa from the Twelfth to the Sixteenth Century University of California Press 1998 S 107 ISBN ISBN 0 520 06699 5 Ancient Kano City Walls and Associated Sites UNESCO World Heritage Centre angl Centre UNESCO World Heritage Data obrasheniya 22 maya 2020 13 sentyabrya 2019 goda Saad Elias Social history of Timbuktu 1400 1900 The role of Muslim scholars and notables Ann Arbor Michigan University of Michigan Press 1980 Mann Kristin Slavery and the Birth of an African City Indiana University Press 2007 Anderson David and Rathbone Richard Africa s Urban Past Oxford Oxford University Press 2000 S 85 87 Bolender Douglas J Eventful Archaeologies New Approaches to Social Transformation in the Archaeological Record angl SUNY Press 2010 P 124 129 ISBN 978 1 4384 3423 0 Goldi R Materikovaya Greciya i Afiny M Izd FAIR 2009 str 58 ISBN 978 5 8183 1496 9 Hogan C Michael Cydonia angl The Modern Antiquarian 23 Yanvarya 2008 8 sentyabrya 2017 goda Nigel Guy Wilson Encyclopedia of Ancient Greece Psychology Press 2006 S 695 ISBN 978 0 415 97334 2 The Oldest Cities in Europe angl World Atlas 11 noyabrya 2018 Data obrasheniya 23 avgusta 2020 11 noyabrya 2018 goda Pospelov E M Geograficheskie nazvaniya mira Toponimicheskij slovar R A Ageeva 2 e izd Moskva Russkie slovari 2002 S s 292 512 s ISBN ISBN 5 17 001389 2 http www great adventures com destinations rep georgia colchis html COLCHIS THE LAND OF THE GOLDEN FLEECE REPUBLIC OF GEORGIA angl 24 marta 2017 Data obrasheniya 23 avgusta 2020 24 marta 2017 goda Manuel Jesus Roldan Salgueiro Historia de Sevilla Almuzara 2007 ISBN 978 84 88586 24 7 Semmler Maria Eugenia Aubet The Phoenicians and the West 2001 09 06 ISBN 9780521795432 Cassar Carmel A Concise History of Malta Msida Mireva Publications 2000 ISBN 1870579526 Iranica Erevan ot 1 fevralya 2020 na Wayback Machine Originalnyj tekst angl Erevan is located on a site that has been occupied for millennia Today it is generally acknowledged that the name is to be traced to that of an 8th century B C E Urartian fortress E Ir e b puni Modern Erevan can be said to continue both the name and the history of Erebuni The identification is confirmed by an Urartian cuneiform inscription found in September 1950 on the mound Arin Berd i e Ganli Tappa on the southeastern edge of Erevan Hovannisian R G The Armenian People from Ancient to Modern Times Basingstoke Palgrave Macmillan 1997 Vol I The Dynastic Periods From Antiquity to the Fourteenth Century P 27 386 p ISBN 0 312 10169 4 ISBN 978 0 312 10169 5 Originalnyj tekst angl In the eighth century B C the fortress cities of Teishebaini Armenian Karmir Blur and Erebuni Arin Berd were established in what is now Erevan by King Argishti II Robert H Hewsen Armenia A Historical Atlas University of Chicago Press 2001 341 p ISBN 0 226 33228 4 ISBN 978 0 226 33228 4 P 26 Originalnyj tekst angl The Urartians reached their height under Menua s son Argisti I c 786 c 764 who carved the great inscription on the face of the cliff of Van extended Urartian rule to the Ararat Plain and there founded the administrative center of Argistihinili Armavir Here too in 782 B C he founded the palace fortress of Erebuni at the site called Arin Berd in Erevan thus making the Armenian capital the oldest city in the USSR whose 2 750th anniversary was celebrated with great fanfare in 1968 Britannica Statya Yerevan ot 26 aprelya 2015 na Wayback Machine Originalnyj tekst angl Though first historically recorded in 607 ce Yerevan dates by archaeological evidence to a settlement on the site in the 6th 3rd millennia bce and subsequently to the fortress of Yerbuni in 783 bce From the 6th century bce it formed part of the Armenian kingdom J R Russel Armeno Iranica Papers in honour of Professor Mary Boyce Red Jacques Duchesne Guillemin encyclopedie permanente des etudes iraniennes Vol 1 Brill Archive 1985 ISBN 906831002X 9789068310023 P 454 Originalnyj tekst angl Erevan named after the ancient Urartean fortress of Erebuni Paul Zimansky Urartian and the Urartians Sharon R Steadman Gregory McMahon The Oxford handbook of ancient Anatolia 10 000 323 BCE Oxford University Press 2011 ISBN 0 19 537614 5 9780195376142 P 557 Originalnyj tekst angl All but a few Urartian sites were abandoned and only rarely do place names in Urartian texts carry over into later eras Erevan from Erebuni being one notable exception Domenico Spano Bolani Storia di Reggio di Calabria 1857 Volterra Historical City and Cultural Landscape angl UNESCO World Heritage Centre 1 iyunya 2006 Data obrasheniya 23 avgusta 2020 23 sentyabrya 2015 goda Bloom Jonathan M Blair Sheila The Grove Encyclopedia of Islamic Art and Architecture Delhi to Mosque Oxford University Press 2009 S 1 ISBN 978 0 19 530991 1 David Taylor angl faculty ed umuc edu Data obrasheniya 23 avgusta 2020 Arhivirovano 11 iyunya 2011 goda An Inventory of Archaic and Classical Poleis An Investigation Conducted by The Copenhagen Polis Centre for the Danish National Research Foundation by Mogens Herman Hansen 2005 S 936 https ru m wikipedia org wiki D0 93 D1 8E D0 BC D1 80 D0 B8 cite note D0 91 D0 A1 D0 AD 4 Rodwell Dennis Conservation and Sustainability in Historic cities angl Blackwell Publishing 2007 P 19 ISBN 1405126566 Botusharova L Stratigrafski prouchvaniya na Nebet tepe 5 GPAM 1963 S 66 70 Detev P Razkopki na Nebet tepe v Plovdiv 5 GPAM 1963 S 27 30 John Boardman I E S Edwards E Sollberger and N G L Hammond In the place of the vanished Treres and Tilataei we find the Serdi for whom there is no evidence before the first century BC It has for long being supposed on convincing linguistic and archeological grounds that this tribe was of Celtic origin The Cambridge Ancient History Volume 3 Part 2 The Assyrian and Babylonian Empires and Other States of the Near East from the Eighth to the Sixth Centuries BC 1992 S 600 ISBN 0 521 22717 8 Gara Ahmadov Ancient Gabala angl http azer com 1998 Data obrasheniya 23 avgusta 2020 4 iyunya 2011 goda Superanskaya A V Slovar geograficheskih nazvanij M AST PRESS 2013 S 136 208 s 1 Drevnij drevnij Azerbajdzhan Istoriko geograficheskie ocherki Baku Gyandzhlik 1983 S 33 Mamedov T Kavkazskaya Albaniya v IV VI vv Baku MAARIF 1993 180 s Neritan Ceka Straboni Argjendi ilir Iliret 2001 S 80 ISBN 9789992700983 neopr iyun 2016 Data obrasheniya 23 avgusta 2020 Arhivirovano iz originala 5 sentyabrya 2011 goda Istoriјa Beogradske tvrђave serb Sajt Belgradskoj kreposti 12 iyulya 2018 Data obrasheniya 26 iyunya 2022 6 iyunya 2022 goda Domenico Roy Palmer Settlement in Matera dates from the Paleolithic age The Roman consul Metellus established the town of Matera in 251 B c and called it Matheola The Regions of Italy A Reference Guide to History and Culture Greenwood Publishing Group 2002 S 37 ISBN 9780313307331 Antique Paris The first inhabitants angl archeologie culture fr Data obrasheniya 23 avgusta 2020 17 maya 2021 goda Geoffrey Blainey A Very Short History of the World Penguin Books 2004 ISBN ISBN 978 0 14 300559 9 Aboriginal people and place angl Sydney Barani 2013 5 iyul 26 aprelya 2020 goda History of Tasmania ENCYCLOPAEDIA BRITANNICA 2008 17 iyul 28 maya 2020 goda David Horton The Encyclopedia of Aboriginal Australia 2 vols Canberra Aboriginal Studies Press 1994 S 1008 1010 1245 1272 V drugom yazykovom razdele est bolee polnaya statya List of oldest continuously inhabited cities angl Vy mozhete pomoch proektu rasshiriv tekushuyu statyu s pomoshyu perevoda
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